A table saw powered by an electric motor uses a belt and pulley system to transfer rotational energy to the blade arbor. This configuration, distinct from direct-drive systems, offers specific advantages related to power delivery and operation. A typical example involves a motor positioned beneath the saw table, connected to the arbor pulley via a belt, often made of rubber or other durable material. This setup allows for variations in speed and torque by changing pulley sizes.
The use of a belt transmission offers several key advantages. It provides a smoother, quieter operation by absorbing vibrations and reducing motor noise. The belt can also act as a mechanical fuse, slipping under excessive load to protect both the motor and blade from damage. Historically, this design has been prevalent due to its relative simplicity and cost-effectiveness. The decoupling of the motor and blade arbor also facilitates easier maintenance and repair.